文/夏新剑

榜书，古曰“署书”，又称“擘窠大字”。东汉文字学家许慎在《说文叙》中对此记载：自尔秦书有八体，一曰大篆，二曰小篆，三曰刻符，四曰虫书，五曰摹印，六曰署书，七日殳书，八曰隶书。

In ancient times, it was called "Shu Shu", also known as "breaking nest characters". Xu Shen, a philologist of the Eastern Han Dynasty, recorded this in Shuo Wen Xu: since the Qin Dynasty, there are eight styles: one is the big seal, the other is the small seal, the third is the carving of symbols, the fourth is the insect script, the fifth is the copying, the sixth is the signing, the seventh is the Shu, and the eighth is the official script.

明代费灜《大书长语》曰：“秦废古文，书存八体，其曰署书者，以大字题署宫殿匾额也。汉高帝未央宫前殿成，命萧何题额，此署书之始也。”汉丞相萧何是第一位运用榜书艺术装饰帝王宫殿的书家，但不是第一位写榜书的书家。早在秦统一文字以前，榜书就出现了。据《泰山》、《琅邪》、《峄山》、《会稽》刻石和文献记载，第一位书写榜书的书家是秦丞相李斯。

In the great book long words written by Fei Fei in the Ming Dynasty, it is said that "the Qin Dynasty abolished the ancient prose, and the book is kept in eight styles. Those who said to sign the book will sign the palace plaque in large characters. The High Emperor of the Han Dynasty ordered Xiao He to sign the book when the front hall of the Weiyang palace was completed." Xiao He, the Prime Minister of the Han Dynasty, was the first calligrapher to decorate the imperial palace with the art of the list book, but he was not the first calligrapher to write the list book. Long before the unification of the Qin Dynasty, the list appeared. According to the inscriptions and documents in Mount Tai, Langxie, Yishan and Kuaiji, the first calligrapher to write the list is Prime Minister Li Si of Qin.

秦篆汉隶，唐楷宋行，明草清碑，一个时代有一个时代的书法主流。李杜文章万古传，至今已觉不新鲜。江山代有才人出，各领风骚数百年。中国的书法，从陶器走向兽骨铜鼎，从木简走向纸绢，五千年辉煌文明史，也是一部璀璨夺目的书法史。

Qin Zhuan, Han Li, Tang Kai, Song Xing, Ming Cao and Qing stele are the mainstream of calligraphy in one era. Li Du's article has been handed down from generation to generation, and it is not new to this day. Talented people from all generations have led the way for hundreds of years. Chinese calligraphy, from pottery to animal bone bronze tripod, from wooden slips to paper and silk, is not only a glorious civilization history of 5000 years, but also a dazzling calligraphy history.

“榜书”与大楷、中楷、蝇头小楷相比，在章法、执笔、运笔、用墨等方面都有独特的规律和技法。

Compared with large block letters, middle block letters and small block letters, the "list book" has unique rules and techniques in composition, writing, pen operation and ink use.

根据历代书法家的经验，应先练写“大楷”，作为基本练习。掌握了“大楷”的点画准确精到、结构疏密得当之后，再写“小楷”才能达到结体宽绰开张、点画规矩清楚。

According to the experience of calligraphers of past dynasties, we should first practice writing "large block letters" as a basic exercise. After mastering the accurate and precise stippling of "large block letters" and the appropriate structure, we can write "small block letters" to achieve the purpose of generous opening and clear stippling rules.

进而，练写“榜书”，才能达到结密无间而气魄宏阔，不致涣散无神。

Then, practice writing "list book" in order to achieve dense and boundless, broad-minded, and not lax and godless.

可见，“榜书”是楷书中的最高段位。

It can be seen that "list book" is the highest paragraph in regular script.

毛军儒临池诗稿选：

一

润格定价九千九

优惠部分老朋友

莫道一字千金价

秦宫汉阙作了土

唯有晋唐碑纸在

光芒万丈射吴楚

岳麓山上李邕墨

北去湘江才八斗

佝偻山上夏禹书

上古文明字来数。

          二

凌空接印齐云子

笔锋纵横鎏金纸

九岭逶迤腾墨浪

五湖浩荡翻青史

文脉昆仑滚滚来

北去湘江八斗才

书罢盖章惊天帝

嫦娥伴月入君怀

              三

墨爪勤攀秦泰顶

墨枪轻入晋谷中

笔到精时狂龙舞

山阴道上兵马匆

拔笔踌躇书满志

意犹未尽函谷峰

老子出关又回首

只为小孔道朦胧

毛军儒，本名夏新剑，湖南株洲人，原籍益阳安化。国际红联主席，毛体书法十强，高级安全工程师，食品微生物专家，影视特型演员、书法家、当代游吟诗人、梅山歌手、资水作家，湖南十佳茶文化大使，湖南红色文化大使。著有长篇小说《胡黄常白》中篇小说《老兵吟》、诗歌三部曲《雪国》《幻游梅三界》《湘江北去》。理论著作有《毛体书法指要》、《颜王黄：三圣笔法探源》、《当代东方学纲要》等。

Mao Junru, whose real name is Xia Xinjian, is from Zhuzhou, Hunan Province. He comes from Anhua, Yiyang. Chairman of the International Federation of Red Cross, top ten Maoti  calligraphy, senior safety engineer, food microbiology expert, film and television special actor, calligrapher, contemporary bard, Meishan singer, Zishui writer, top ten tea culture ambassador in Hunan and Red Culture Ambassador in Hunan. He is the author of the novel Hu Huang Chang Bai, the novella veteran Yin, the poetry trilogy snow country, the three realms of fantasy and plum, and the north of Xiangjiang River. His theoretical works include the essentials of Mao calligraphy, Yan Wang Huang: exploring the origin of the three saints' strokes, the outline of contemporary Orientalism, etc.