去博物馆享文化之旅

原标题：去博物馆享文化之旅

当前，我国的博物馆建设正处于蓬勃发展的时期，在倡导博物馆是“讲故事的场所”的新形势下，博物馆的社会教育功能日益凸显，博物馆立项、策划、文案、设计整个过程思路都是紧紧围绕如何让博物馆成为一处高品位、高文化含量，集参观、教育、休闲、旅游为一体的文化消费场所。

正如著名建筑师安藤忠雄所说：“通过自己的五官来体验空间，这一点比什么都重要。”作为展陈设计师，其职责是将顶层规划、策划及文案转化为可观、可听、可触、可嗅、可尝的传播方式，带给走进博物馆的每一位体验者。当今博物馆的功能和类型已经越来越多元化，越来越强调参与和互动。关注空间场所精神以及展陈内涵的表达，注重寓教于乐的展陈效果，形式上向体验式、交互式、场景式、参与式转化。

兰亭书法博物馆是打造兰亭书法特色小镇的重点项目，未来可以利用这个平台，举办兰亭展览、兰亭收藏、兰亭论坛等活动，把兰亭打造成中国文化高地。这个中国最大书法类博物馆从策划、文案到设计一气呵成，是典型的新型文化旅游博物馆。在设计施工全过程中，特别注重强调室内室外一体化设计，强调人的空间体验感，强调人的情感体验以及强调人的社群感。

室内室外浑然一体

博物馆大多身处美景之中，所以展陈设计中要充分考虑外部自然景观环境、博物馆建筑公共空间和展厅内空间三者之间的关系，一方面要把外部环境的地域特色、建筑的美感、文脉融入展陈空间中去，另一方面，要把陈列内容的精神渗透到建筑本体及外部环境中去，三位一体考虑。

功能上，将参观、教育、学术、休闲、餐饮、购物等合理安排到三个维度的场所中，满足参观者的文化旅游的体验需求。设计手法上，三者之间是一种空间尺度、风格、比例的延续，也可以是材料、肌理、色彩、光影的借鉴。

坐落于美丽的绍兴兰亭景区的兰亭书法博物馆建筑群由东南大学建筑学院的朱光亚教授亲自执笔设计，勾勒端庄大气的魏晋风格建筑，杭州正野博展作为室内展陈设计方，与其强强联手，将魏晋风度和文雅至极从内而外融会贯通。亮堂的大厅空间满足室内开幕式的人流量容量标准，大型学术报告厅、专业库房、艺术教室、文创展品销售区一应俱全；在建筑及展陈设计的用材用色上，做到惜色如金，集合光的强弱、色温、节奏的变化和各类黑白灰石材、木饰面、金属、麻布、玻璃等材质运用，体现书法艺术墨分五色之美、刚柔并济之魂，使得整个博物馆建筑室内室外浑然一体。

追求人的空间体验感

经历了漫长的社会实践之后，当代博物馆建筑思想开始转向多元化，人们不再纯粹地将建筑空间看做功能和理性的演绎，而是寻求以“建筑使用者”为观感的主观感受。之前处于权威知识传授者地位的文博场所也必然走向转型，取而代之的是体验经济盛行，我们的日常生活需要增加体验，当下博物馆展陈设计更加注重观众与展品的互动与交流，注重拓展人们的生活经验、经历和感受，促进人们与空间、环境的对话。追求人性化的空间感受，把人与空间、展品三者交互相融。首先是基于人的有效传播，人能够接收到多少有效信息，一切以人为本的展陈设计是呈现博物馆是讲故事的场所的趋势。

兰亭书法博物馆，在空间的参观动线设计中，将移步换景、借景框景、先抑后扬等中国传统园林的空间设计手法充分结合，将《兰亭集序》的两条基本线索与空间参观节奏关系有机展示，主体是“书法线”，以它的产生、流传、消失、衍变、传播的书法命运为主线展开叙述。同时置于中国书法史发展的纵线中，找准其在不同书法历史阶段的基本坐标，阐述他之于中国书法史的意义。辅线是“文化线”，作为中国文化的一个缩影，有其文化视野的多维性，与《兰亭集序》有关的背景、故事、民俗、诗文、绘画、音乐、活动等文本与图像，呈现出一条生动的兰亭文化线。通过表达主线辅线的对应关系，展陈空间关系也紧扣内容，层层递进，并充分合理利用建筑通高，将生生不息的书法艺术推向高潮。

一本形象化的教科书

博物馆作为科学和文化的殿堂，是社会教育和传播科学知识的重要场所，告别“枯燥的教科书”，迎接“寓教于乐”、“形象化的教科书”应该是当下博物馆的趋势。展陈设计师通过“情感化”的设计形式，利用多种手段表现藏品的学术性、艺术性及互动性，把展示、教育、娱乐三者有机结合起来。博物馆陈列设计所追求的，是新的审美价值取向，现代博物馆展陈设计在原有满足人机工学原则的基础之上，依托心理学，追求尊重人的情与感方向，透过故事化的表达，生动、传情地传递给观众，把观众引入增长科学知识，解读历史真实、见证辉煌文明、陶冶艺术情操的陈展空间中。

适合一家老小参观体验的兰亭书法博物馆，充分调动展品的感知要素，对观众视觉、听觉、触觉等多种感官进行刺激，使观众在参观过程中获得愉快的情感体验。可以临摹打分的“永字八法”互动展项、可以拓印兰亭石刻碑文的互动区域，可以临写各大书法家的经典字帖等互动电子桌面，都是来此参观游玩的观众喜爱的体验项目。自从开馆以来参观人数屡创新高，社会反响日益强烈。

接地气的社群之家

移动互联网的蓬勃发展使得博物馆已进入数字化、集成化、网络化、智能化的数字化博物馆普及时代。新博物馆学理论中提出，博物馆重心不再是传统单一的建档、保存、陈列等功能，而转向关怀社群、社区需求，让博物馆以“守物”转向关注人。面对博物馆行业的新业态，文化创意产品的开发成为地方博物馆未来发展的突破口。

我们从小接触书法，对书法并不陌生，所以由专业书法家、书法爱好者、学生构成的“书法社群”的人数是极其庞大的，兰亭书法博物馆正是这个社群的研习、交流、展示的良好场所，是这个社群的“家”。从开馆至今的2年多时间里，文创品牌——“兰亭的故事”由兰亭景区产业拓展部自主开发设计，有兰亭集序——书法系列、曲水流觞——雅集系列、羲之爱鹅——鹅系列、兰亭说兰——兰系列、茂林修竹——竹系列，五个系列共开发出了100多个产品。“兰亭的故事”文创产品在展现形式上非常符合这个“书法社群”的审美观，更接地气。

这个假日，也请您带着孩子和家人，去博物馆感受这么一场文化洗礼，将中国人特有的文化基因悄然唤醒。文化自信力的形成，便是如此自然而然的促成。（作者系柏林艺术大学设计学硕士）

来源：美术网

             Travel to the museum to enjoy a cultural journey

At present, China's construction of the museum is in a period of vigorous development, in promoting the museum is "new situation to tell the story of the place", the social educational function of the museum has become increasingly prominent, the museum project, planning, copywriting, design the whole process ideas are closely around how to make the museum a high grade and high culture the content set to visit, education, leisure and tourism as one of the places of cultural consumption.

As Ando Tadao, the famous architect, said, "it is more important than to experience space through your own five senses." As an exhibition designer, its responsibility is to transform top-level planning, planning and copywriting into an observable, audible, touchable, sniffable and touchable way to bring every experiencer into the museum. Nowadays, the functions and types of museums have become more and more diversified, and more and more emphasis on participation and interaction. We should pay attention to the expression of the spirit of space and the connotation of exhibition. We should pay attention to the effect of entertainment and the transformation from experience to interaction, scene and participatory form.

The Lanting Pavilion Museum of calligraphy is a key project to create Lanting Pavilion's characteristic calligraphy town. In the future, we can use this platform to organize Lanting Pavilion exhibition, collection and forum activities, and make it into a Chinese cultural highland. The largest Chinese calligraphy Museum from planning, design to copy one, is a new typical Museum of cultural tourism. In the whole process of design and construction, special emphasis is laid on emphasizing indoor and outdoor integrated design, emphasizing the sense of human spatial experience, emphasizing human emotional experience and emphasizing the sense of community.

Indoor and outdoor integration

Most of the museum on the landscape, so the exhibition fully consider the relationship between the external environment and the natural landscape of Public Space Museum and exhibition hall of the three to Chen design, on the one hand to the external environment, geographical features, architectural aesthetic context into the exhibition space, on the other hand, to display the contents of the penetrate into the spirit of building body and external environment to consider three-in-one.

Functionally, visitors, education, academia, leisure, catering, shopping and other reasonable arrangements should be arranged in three dimensions to meet visitors' experience needs of cultural tourism. In the design technique, the three is a continuance of space scale, style and proportion, and it can also be used for reference of material, texture, color and light and shadow.

Located in the beautiful Shaoxing scenic Lanting Pavilion Lanting Pavilion calligraphy museum buildings by the Southeast University School of architecture professor Zhu Guangya wrote outline design, dignified atmosphere of the Wei Jin style building, Hangzhou is Yebo exhibition as an indoor exhibition design, and together, Wei Jin and elegant demeanor was from the inside out together. The bright hall space to meet the indoor opening traffic capacity standard, large auditorium, professional warehouse, art classrooms, Wenchuang exhibits sales area in building materials and Goods are available in all varieties.; exhibition design with color, do cherish color such as gold, set the intensity of light, color, rhythm changes and various types of black and white ash stone, wood veneer, metal, linen, glass and other materials used, reflect the art of calligraphy colored ink beauty, firmness and flexibility of the soul, the indoor and outdoor museum building all blend into one harmonious whole.

Pursuit of people's sense of space experience

After a long period of social practice, the contemporary museum architecture idea has begun to turn to pluralism. People no longer regard the architectural space as the deduction of function and reason, but seek the subjective feeling of "building user". Before the authority of a knowledge status of cultural sites also inevitable trend of transformation, instead of the experience economy prevails, we need to increase the daily life experience, contemporary museum exhibition design pays more attention to the interaction and exchange the audience with the exhibits, focusing on the development of people's life experience, experience and feelings, promote people and dialogue space and environment. The pursuit of humanized space feeling, the interaction of people and space, exhibits three. First of all, based on the effective transmission of human beings, how many effective information people can receive, all the people-oriented exhibition design is to show that museums are the trend of storytelling.

Lanting Pavilion calligraphy Museum, visit the design in the space, the king, by King box scene, xianyihouyang etc. Chinese traditional garden space design techniques will be fully integrated, "Orchid Pavilion preface" two basic clues and visit the space relationship rhythm organic display, the subject is "calligraphy line", with its production, the spread, development and dissemination of calligraphy disappeared, fate is the main line of narrative. At the same time in the development of Chinese calligraphy history line, identify the basic coordinates in different historical stages of the significance of calligraphy, he is in Chinese calligraphy history. Line is the "cultural line", as an epitome of Chinese culture, the multi-dimensional perspective of culture, text and image and the "Orchid Pavilion" related background, stories, folklore, poetry, painting, music, and other activities, showing a vivid culture of Lanting Pavilion line. The relationship between expression of main line, exhibition space relationship is closely linked to the content, step by step, and make rational use of high buildings, the life and growth in nature calligraphy art climax.

An image of a textbook

Museums, as the palace of science and culture, are important places for social education and dissemination of scientific knowledge. Farewell to "boring textbooks" to welcome "entertaining" and "visualized textbooks" should be the trend of today's museums. Exhibiting designers through the "emotional" design form, using a variety of means to show the academic and artistic nature of the collection