让高考回归起点公平

Let the entrance examination return to the starting point fair.

2018年03月22日09:38  来源：人民网-人民日报

原标题：让高考回归起点公平(新语)

日前，教育部印发《关于做好2018年普通高校招生工作的通知》，通知明确，全面取消体育特长生、中学生学科奥林匹克竞赛、科技类竞赛、省级优秀学生、思想政治品德有突出事迹等全国性高考加分项目。

这就意味着，按照2014年底，教育部等多部委联合印发的《关于进一步减少和规范高考加分项目和分值的意见》的要求，经过3年的（过渡）实践，2018年高考考生将成为全面取消全国性高考鼓励性加分项目的首批考生，全国性高考鼓励性加分项目将彻底退出历史舞台。

近些年来，减少和规范高考加分项目，纠正少数人片面追求高考加分的倾向，引导每一个学生全面而有个性地发展，从而促进高考公平公正，已经在全社会达成广泛共识。除了保留部分扶持性加分项目，通过取消鼓励性加分保证高考的起点公平也成为教育界内外的一致认可。

追溯历史，鼓励性加分本是对一考定终生、分数一元标准的补充，是鼓励引导学生注重综合素质的全面提高、助力高校不拘一格选拔人才的探索性举措，在一定时期内也确实起到了积极效果。但遗憾的是，由于信息的不够阳光公开、监督与制约机制的相对缺失、考生和家长的认识还不够理性科学等原因，政策在执行过程中逐渐异化，或滋生招生腐败，成为权力寻租的工具，破坏了高考招生的公平公正，或导致部分考生和家长追求功利式加分，违背了教育规律，也忽视了孩子本身的兴趣爱好。

为加分项目“瘦身”，清理加分项目、整顿加分流程，清除权力寻租的可能，确保高考的起点公平，就成为社会各界的普遍呼吁和考试招生制度改革深化的重要体现。

特别是在今天，“中小学生课外负担重”的问题作为教育改革进入“深水区”之后的“顽疾”“痼疾”被正式写入政府工作报告，成为教育主管部门将下大力气解决的重点难点问题。从高考“指挥棒”入手，取消奥赛和科技类竞赛的鼓励性加分，释放尊重教育规律、确保起点公平的信号，无异于为“减负”注入了一剂强心针，将有助于整个教育链条，特别是基础教育阶段，理性教育氛围的营造，有助于各教育阶段将育人方向从“单纯育分”调整为“全面育人”，从追求学科成绩转向促进学生成长，有助于真正实现起点上的“减负”。

当然，取消鼓励性加分不等于不鼓励学生充分发挥学科特长，在高校选拔录取过程中，如何科学合理地体现考生的相关特长、突出事迹、优秀表现，如何在综合素质评价和高校自主选拔的过程中尊重并鼓励学生的多元发展，是在取消加分之后高校面临的重要挑战和必须回答好的课题。

期待，全国性鼓励性加分项目全面取消之后的高考，能更好地兼顾起点的公平与选拔人才的不拘一格。

《 人民日报 》（ 2018年03月22日 12 版）

Let the entrance examination return to the starting point fair.

March 22, 2018 09:38 source: People's Daily online.

Original title: make the college entrance examination return to the starting point fair (new language)

Regarding a few days ago, the ministry of education issued the 2018 ordinary university recruitment of students work notice, notice of clear, abolish all disciplines olympiad sports special immortal, middle school students, technology competition, provincial outstanding students, ideological and political qualities have outstanding deeds such as national college entrance examination points project.

This means that by the end of 2014, the ministry of education and other departments jointly issued by the "about further reduce and standardize the opinions of the university entrance exam score points project and requirements, after three years (transition) practice, in 2018 the university entrance exam candidates will become fully cancel the first batch of national college entrance examination incentive bonus program examinee, national college entrance examination incentive bonus program will completely.

In recent years, reduce and standardize the university entrance exam plus project, correcting the inclination of a few one-sided pursuit of college entrance examination points, guide each student comprehensive character development, thereby promoting the university entrance exam a fair and just, have reached broad consensus in the whole society. In addition to retaining some of the supportive bonus points, it has also become a consensus within and outside the education sector by eliminating the incentive score and ensuring the starting point of the college entrance examination.

Traces the history, encouraging points score to once-a-year lifetime, one yuan to supplement the standard, is to encourage guides the student to focus on improving comprehensive quality, boost the exploratory efforts of not stick to one pattern to select talents in universities and colleges, in a certain period has played a positive effect. But unfortunately, due to the information not enough sunlight publicly, the relative lack of supervision and restriction mechanism, the understanding of the students and parents are not enough rational science, the alienation in the execution of the policy, or the breeding ground for corruption admissions, be the instrument of power rent-seeking, destroyed the college entrance examination enrollment fair, or lead to some students and parents to pursue utilitarian type points, has violated the law of education, and ignored the children's own interests.

To clean "slimming" plus project, plus project, the consolidation process points, points to the possibility of removal of power rent-seeking, ensure that the starting point of the college entrance examination fairness, has become the social from all walks of life widespread calls and exam the important of enrollment system reform deepening.

Especially in today, "primary and middle school students' extracurricular burden" problem as the education reform after entering the deepwater area "of" stubborn "" evil" was formally written to the government work report, become the focus of the education department will strive to solve difficult problems. , from the perspective of the college entrance examination "baton", cancel the orsay incentive bonus points and technology competition, the release of respecting the rule of education, ensure fair the starting point of the signal, is for the students "injected a shot in the arm, will help the whole chain of education, especially basic education stage, the rational education atmosphere build, help each education stage adjust educational direction from the" pure education points "for" all-round education ", from pursuit of subjects to accelerate the development of students, help to achieve the "burden" of starting point.

Cancel the incentive bonus, of course, is not equal to don't encourage students to give full play to the subject specialty, in university admissions process selection, how to scientifically reflect the examinee related specialty, outstanding deeds, good performance, how in the overall quality appraisal and autonomous selection of colleges and universities in the process of the respect and encourage students to diversified development, is the important challenges facing colleges and universities after cancel points and must answer a good topic.

We hope that the national college entrance examination, after the comprehensive abolition of the national incentive bonus program, can better balance the fairness of the starting point and the freedom of selecting talents.

People's Daily (12 March 2018)